10 Kingdom Leadership/ Followership Principles:
Mark 10:35-45
35 Then James and John, the sons of Zebedee, came to him. “Teacher,” they said, “we want you to do for us whatever we ask.”36 “What do you want me to do for you?” he asked.37 They replied, “Let one of us sit at your right and the other at your left in your glory.”38 “You don’t know what you are asking,” Jesus said. “Can you drink the cup I drink or be baptized with the baptism I am baptized with?”39 “We can,” they answered. Jesus said to them, “You will drink the cup I drink and be baptized with the baptism I am baptized with, 40 but to sit at my right or left is not for me to grant. These places belong to those for whom they have been prepared.”
41 When the ten heard about this, they became indignant with James and John. 42 Jesus called them together and said, “You know that those who are regarded as rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their high officials exercise authority over them. 43 Not so with you. Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant, 44 and whoever wants to be first must be slave of all. 45 For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”
Kingdom Perspectives
1. There is only one King and you are not Him.
· Jesus is far above all heavenly rulers, authorities, powers, and lords; he has a title superior to all titles of authority in this world and in the next. (Eph. 1:21)
· Sovereign means that Jesus is the King of King and Lord of Lords. (Rev. 19:6). Don’t get between Jesus and His subjects.
2. You are not a leader… you are a follower of a leader. You influence people to follow King Jesus through your example, through your words, through your prayers, through your love, through your enthusiasm.
· Therefore anyone can be a discipleader. We are here to connect people to Jesus and once they are connected to Him… He leads them. The only way we “lead” is by helping people connect to Jesus. Discipleship is leadership. I follow Jesus and help others to follow Jesus.
· Followers are born to be made- Mature disciples are influencers for the King. We lead people to Jesus for salvation and we encourage them to get connected and stay connected to Him so that He can lead them.
3. None of “it” is yours (church, offerings, gifts, buildings, people, vision).
· The role of a servant- So you also, when you have done everything you were told to do, should say, ‘We are unworthy servants; we have only done our duty.’ Luke 17:10- Don’t fool yourself into thinking you have any rights to anything.
Kingdom Principles
4. To represent King Jesus you must spend time with Him.
· Orders and specific mission plans come from the Supreme Commander
· To connect people to the Head you must be connected to the Head
5. The Church is the Body of Christ!
· All the parts need to be connected to the head
· All the part s need to be connected to all the other parts (locally/ regionally)
· All the parts need to be connected the mission “Be Fruitful and Multiply”
6. God’s word, not “Business Weekly” is our textbook (Make sure the ladder of success is leaning up against the right wall)
· You have heard that it was said, but I say to you…
· The Kingdom of God is not like the kingdom of man (upside down kingdom)
7. The way up the ladder is down (Example of Jesus- Phil. 2)
· Love
· Humility
· Serving/ Equipping
Kingdom Practices
8. Connect people to Jesus (UPWARD- He is the head)- Eph. 1:22/ 5:23/ Col. 1:18
· Preach the Gospel
· Parental concern and connect every believer to daily growth disciplines
9. Connect people to One Another (INWARD- The Body is Formed)- “The One Anothers”
· Connect every believer to a group… spiritual family
· Gifts are discovered/ developed and used (Chores)
10. Connect people to the Mission (OUTWARD- The Body rises up and serves) John 20:21/ Eph. 4:16/ Matt. 28:18-20
· The body connected to the head and all the parts working moves up and out into the world and serves the world
· Miracles occur and the world sees and takes notice.
· The Gospel is shown and shared at the same time.
· God gives the increase.
Ten-Year U.S Economic Analysis (1980-1989)
Ryan Green
ECO 202
Professor Lauterborn
ECO 202
Welcome to my presentation. I will be discussing the economic changes in the U.S economy for the ten years ending 1989. It is my hope you will learn new ideas and concept from this presentation.
1
Historical Overview of the U.S. Economy 1980-1989
The decade began with deep recession in 1980
Annual GDP growth rate in 1980 averaged -0.2%
GDP growth rate was lowest at -1.9% in1982
Highest unemployment and inflation rate between 1980 and 1982
The economy finally recovered in 1982 to record positive growth for the rest of the decade
In 1989, Real GDP stood at $9,257 billion from $6688.9 billion in 1980
Low agricultural exports in early years of the decade contributed to negative growth
ECO 202
The ten years ending 1989 were characterized by volatile economic changes. During the first three years to 1983, the economy suffered negative growth save for 1981 where the growth remained stagnant (U.S Department of State, 2017). The most affected years were 1980 when the economy went into recession recording -0.2% growth and -1.9% in 1982. This period was also marked by high rates of unemployment and inflation. The interest rates were equally high at 13% but eased slowly as the economy rebounded to 7% in 1989. Positive growth began in 1982 through to 1989. The recession during this period was mainly attributed to declining agricultural products and low crop prices. It was further compounded by rising interest rates that increased the cost of credit and slowed consumption (U.S Department of State, 2017). The consequences of the volatile economy was reflected in the federal budget of $ 221, 000 million in the year 1986. Government deficit remained a common element throughout the period under review although the economy later rebounded against the backdrop of fiscal and monetary policies aimed at increasing demand and consumption.
2
GDP
GDP growth fluctuated throughout the period of review
GDP was highest in 1989 and lowest in 1980
1984 recorded the highest growth at 7.3%
1982 recorded the lowest growth at -1.9%
GDP in 1980 was $6688.9 billion while in 1989 was $9,257 billion
ECO 202
The period under review recorded one of the most volatile economic growth in the United States. In 1980, the agricultural exports which had previously contributed immensely to foreign exchange earnings declined exerting pressure of the domestic economy. The price of crops also fell reducing the purchasing power of farmers. The overall level of demand dropped as the purchasing power of consumers weakened compounded by increasing interest rates and rising inflation (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2017). Although the economic growth rate was lowest in 1982 at -1.9%, it rebounded the following year to record positive growth due to government fiscal and monetary interventions. By 1984, the economy had posted what turned out to be the highest economic growth at 7.3% . In 1989, the economy added $9,257 underlining strong economic prospects for the years that followed.
3
Graphical Representation of GDP Growth (1980-1989)
Significant Factors for GDP
The 1980 Recession
Black Monday 1987
Reagan Tax Cut in 1981
ECO 202
The 1980 recession and the subsequent high inflation and low unemployment rates greatly influenced economic growth for the period under review. The level of economic output remained relatively low prompting the government to begin tax cuts to increase consumer’s disposable income. The strategy was aimed at increasing the level of demand and by extension consumption. President Reagan adopted tax cuts in 1981 when the economy was beginning to show signs of growth. However, the effects of the tax interventions did not bear fruit immediately as the economy slipped back into recession in 1982. Real growth began in 1983 as the level of employment grew in the economy.
Black Monday refers to the unexpected and sudden crash of market stocks on October 19, 1987 (Amadeo, 2016). Corporate earnings declined and weakened the employment capacity leading to slowed GDP growth.
Explanation
Graphical Representation
Unemployment and Inflation
Unemployment was high in early 1980’s topping at the end of 1982
1988 reported the lowest unemployment rate
Unemployment was highest during recession 1980 and 1982
ECO 202
There is a direct relationship between GDP growth and unemployment rates. The year 1980 recorded 7.8% unemployment at the height of recession although it declined the following year as the GDP grew and the economy moved from recession. However, the rate of unemployment rose sharply to record the highest rate during the year under review in 1982 at 11.2%. The high unemployment rate reflect the market behavior at the time as companies laid off workers to streamline operational costs (Amadeo, 2017). With many workers being off, the economic output further dropped creating a cyclical problem. However, as the economy rebounded through government interventions, mainly through tax cuts, unemployment rates also dropped. Unemployment rate is calculated by dividing the number of people unemployed in the economy against those who are currently employed at the time of evaluation.
5
Inflation
ECO 202
The above figure shows the direct relationship between unemployment and inflation. During the early years of the period under review, unemployment was high. The same is also true for inflation which was highest in 1980 when it stood at 13.5%. 1986 recorded the lowest inflation rates at 1.86%. The high inflation witnessed in 1980 was a result of the low production or output in the economy that made products and services in the economy to be scarce (Amadeo, 2017). Consumers began scrambling for the limited goods and services as demand exceeded supply. Inflation is measured by dividing the price of goods at the end of the period under review against the prices at the beginning of the respective period.
6
Interest rates in 1980
Graphical Representation
Interest Rates
Interest rates highest in 1980 at 13%
Lowest interest rate recorded in 1986 at 5.8%
Interest rates increased as the GDP increased between 1986 and 1989
ECO 202
Inflation rate and interest rates showed direct relationship. When one was rising, the other rose too. In 1980, the interest rates were high at 13% and was lowest in 1986 as the post-recession era showed high levels of output. However, in post-1986 years, interest rates increased as the GDP increased. Several reasons could explain the scenario. When the economy boomed, more organizations invested their earnings into the economy. This behavior increased demand for credit leading to banks increasing the interest rates (Amadeo, 2017). Another possible reason could have been that inflation also rose forcing lenders to increase their rates to accommodate the rise in inflation.
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References
Amadeo, K. (2016). What Is Black Monday? In 1987,1929, and 2015. retrieved at: https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-black-monday-in-1987-1929-and-2015-3305818
Amadeo, K. (2017). U.S. GDP by Year Compared to Recessions and Events. retrieved at: https://www.thebalance.com/us-gdp-by-year-3305543
U.S Department of State, (2017). The American Economy During the 1980s. Retrieved at: https://www.thoughtco.com/us-economy-in-the-1980s-1148148
Interest Rates, Discount Rate for United States. Retrieved at: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/INTDSRUSM193N
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2017). Monthly 'Current Population Survey (Household Survey). FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; Retrieved from https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LNS14000001
ECO 202
8
0.002.004.006.008.0010.0012.0014.0016.001981-02-011981-09-011982-04-011982-11-011983-06-011984-01-011984-08-011985-03-011985-10-011986-05-011986-12-011987-07-011988-02-011988-09-011989-04-011989-11-01Series1
Presentation Title
Your Name
ECO 202
Instructor Name
ECO 202
Choose a title for your presentation.
Include your name, the course name and the assignment name.
1
Fiscal Policy
This rubric element wants you to look at the policies in place at the start of your chosen decade.
You will need to provide details on the policies and examine how they were related to macroeconomic issues at the time. Your slide(s) on this will highlight the key points and your speaker notes will add the explanatory detail needed.
You may need to take a peak at what was happening in the years leading up to the start of your decade.
Your work here should include scholarly research which you can best find information on specific fiscal policies, search by President instead of by years – start with these sites:
ECO 202
Include Speaker’s notes.
2
Fiscal Policy Actions
This rubric element wants you to examine what the fiscal policy initiatives were going forward, to respond to the changing economic landscape.
You should specifically state what the intent of the actions were - for instance, it could be to decrease unemployment.
Then, use our macroeconomic principles and models (like the AD-AS model or Keynesian consumption function) to explain why the action would lead to the outcome desired by the government.
Keep the main points (and any use of graphs to show the economic models) on the slide and use the speaker notes to add full explanation.
Scholarly research is required here as well (this may overlap with research from the previous element, as appropriate).
ECO 202
Include Speaker’s notes.
3
Fiscal Policy Impact
After looking at what the government set out to do and why, you will now examine if it actually worked.
You will look at the macroeconomic data (which you already gathered in milestone one) to see if policy actions achieved their goals. For instance, if President Johnson's "War on Poverty" aimed to reduce poverty in the U.S. and, in doing so, create a stronger economy. With less poverty, we should see increased consumption and higher growth rates.
Keep in mind that there may be times when the government misread the economy and implemented a policy that had unintended effects so its important to compare what was observed after the policy in the macroeconomic data to what the policy objectives were.
Also, consider how individual households and businesses were impacted by the policy decisions. For example, if taxes were lowered, did people spend more money? Did they save more money? Which group(s) of people received the tax cut?
ECO 202 Milestone Two Guidelines and Rubric: Fiscal Policies
Continue your observation of the 10-year period selected for Milestone One, and research the fiscal policies implemented during those years. Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
Examine the fiscal policies in place at the start of your specific time period in relation to their effects on macroeconomic issues. For instance, consider level of government spending, taxation, subsidies, unemployment benefits, and so on.
Analyze new fiscal policy actions undertaken by the U.S. government throughout the time period by describing their intended effects, using macroeconomic principles to explain the actions.
Explain the impact of the new fiscal policy actions on individuals and businesses within the economy by integrating the macroeconomic data and principles.
Guidelines for Submission: Your fiscal policies milestone should be 3–5 slides in PowerPoint, Prezi, Keynotes or PreZentit, not including title page and references. Be sure to include speaker notes to accompany all of your responses. Your reference list slide needs to be in APA format.
Critical Elements Proficient (100%) Needs Improvement (75%) Not Evident (0%) Value
Fiscal Policies
Examines the fiscal policies in place at the start of the specific time period in relation to their effects on macroeconomic issues, and provides information in speaker notes
Examines the fiscal policies in place at the start of the specific time period, but does not relate this to their effects on macroeconomic issues, or does not provide information in speaker notes
Does not explain the fiscal policies in place at the start of the specific time period
30
Policy Actions
Analyzes new fiscal policy actions undertaken by the U.S. government throughout the time period by describing their intended effects, uses macroeconomic principles to explain the actions, and provides information in speaker notes
Analyzes new fiscal policy actions undertaken by the U.S. government throughout the time period, but does not describe their intended effects, does not use macroeconomic principles to explain the actions, or does not provide information in speaker notes
Does not analyze new fiscal policy actions undertaken by the U.S. government throughout the time period
30
Fiscal: Impact
Comprehensively explains the impact of the new fiscal policy actions on individuals and businesses within the economy by integrating the macroeconomic data and principles, and provides information in speaker notes
Explains the impact of the new fiscal policy actions on individuals and businesses within the economy, but is not comprehensive, does not integrate the macroeconomic data and principles, or does not provide information in speaker notes
Does not explain the impact of the new fiscal policy actions on individuals and businesses within the economy
30
Articulation of Response
Submission has no major errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or organization
Submission has major errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or organization that negatively impact readability and articulation of main ideas
Submission has critical errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or organization that prevent understanding of ideas
10
Earned Total 100%
LEADERSHIP DEFINITIONS (One Page):
1. Military leadership is a process by which a soldier influences others to accomplish the mission.- FM 22-100, Military Leadership, 2 Dec 1958, p. 7, signed by Gen Maxwell D. Taylor, Chief of Staff
2. Leadership is the art of influencing and directing people in such a way that will win their obedience, confidence, respect and loyal cdisooperation in achieving common objectives.- U. S. Air Force
3. Leadership is influencing people -- by providing purpose, direction, and motivation -- while operating to accomplish the mission and improving the organization."- U.S. Army
4. Leadership defines what the future should look like, aligns people with that vision, and inspires them to make it happen despite the obstacles. (John P. Kotter- Leading Change)
5. Leadership is influence. – J. Oswald Sanders
6. “Leadership is influence—nothing more, nothing less.”- John Maxwell
7. Leadership is the process of helping people do the worthwhile things they want to do. – Jan Kurtz
8. Spiritual leadership is moving people onto God’s agenda. – Blackaby’s
9. Good leadership is the art of getting average people to do great work.
10. Leadership, at its highest, consists of getting people to work for you when they are under no obligation to do so. (Motivation)
11. Leadership is the art of changing a group from what it is, to what it ought to be.
12. “I start with the premise that the function of leadership is to produce more leaders, not more followers.” --Ralph Nader
13. "The growth and development of people is the highest calling of leadership." - Harvey S. Firestone
14. “Leadership-is an art, which influences the individual to grow and develop their spiritual gifts, while aligning the group to God's plan.”- Rachel Turnel
15. “To grasp and hold a vision is the very essence of successful leadership…” Ronald Reagan 1911-: in the Wilson Quarterly Winter 1994: attributed.
16. “Leadership projects the vision, influences the follower, defines the future and reproduces new leaders.” Eddie Verstraete
17. Christian leadership is about serving, guiding and influencing people to take the next step in obeying and following King Jesus.- Rod Dempsey
LEADER DEFINITIONS: (One Page)
1. Leaders have two important characteristics: first, they are going somewhere; second, they are able to persuade other people to go with them.
2. A leader is a person who exerts special influence over a number of people. '(Bogardus, Leaders and Leadership, p. 3.)
3. A leader is the person in charge of a group of human beings for the accomplishment of a mutually agreed purpose. (Hendrix, Management for the Christian Worker, p. 3.)
4. A leader is one who knows the road, who can keep ahead, and who can pull others after him. (Wolff, Man at the Top, p. 6.)
5. Becoming a leader is synonymous with becoming yourself (or the person God created you to be). It is precisely that simple, and it is also that difficult. -Warren Bennis
6. A Christian leader is someone who is called by God to lead; leads with and through Christ like character; and demonstrates the functional competencies that permit effective leadership to take place. – George Barna
7. A leader’s role is to raise people’s aspirations for what they can become and to release their energies so they will try to get there.- David Gergen
8. “Leaders must know where they are going, why they are going there, and how to get there.” Elmer Towns.
9. “A spiritual leader is someone who moves people onto God’s agenda.” Henry Blackaby
10. A leader is a quality person who knows where he is going and how to take others with him and beyond him.- Dave Earley.
11. The first responsibility of a leader is to define reality. The last is to say thank you. In between, the leader is a servant. —Max DePree
12. The final test of a leader is that he leaves behind him in other men the conviction and the will to carry on. – Walter Lippman 1889-1974 in New York Herald Tribune 14 April 1945
13. “A leader is a person with a God-given capacity and a God-given responsibility who is influencing a group of God’s people toward God’s purposes for the group.” Robert Clinton.
14. A spiritual leader is one who has a contagious relationship with God and who stewards their God-given influence to motivate and equip individuals to realize peak life effectiveness. Chip Stallings.
15. A spiritual leader follows Jesus and serves people by helping them take the next step in obeying and following King Jesus. - R. Dempsey
16. If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader.- John Quincy Adams
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